Hey Ryan,
I'm like the eager new kid jumping up and down trying to demonstrate new found knowledge....lol, but until we get a real answer, I'm going to guess and say the 4 chips were to achieve full duplex.
The MX485 chips, used for converting RS232 to RS485 only operate at half duplex (cannot tx and rx at the same time). There are many work arounds for this with code, but if the 'Meager Machine' has achieved full duplex, and is using 4 chips, I'm guessing they have doubled up to create two half-duplex lines (which would give them full-duplex).....Can't wait to find out more! Oh, and sorry to jump in like that...

Of course, if he's using the MX488 chip (I think I got that right), they are full duplex already

and I'm certainly wrong.